Of Man’s first disobedience, and the fruit Of that forbidden tree whose mortal taste Brought death into the World, and all our woe, With loss of Eden
Milton invokes not a pagan Muse but the Holy Spirit, asking for aid in telling a story greater than any classical epic — the story of why we suffer, why we die, and how we might be redeemed.
The opening line announces the poem’s enormous scope: the origin of evil, the loss of paradise, and the entire arc of human history. Milton stakes his claim to surpass Homer and Virgil.