GeryonCanto XVII

Canto 17 of Inferno by Dante Alighieri

"Behold the monster with the pointed tail, Who cleaves the hills, and breaketh walls and weapons, Behold him who infecteth all the world." Thus unto me my Guide began to say, And beckoned him that he should come to shore, Near to the confine of the trodden marble; And that uncleanly image of deceit Came up and thrust ashore its head and bust, But on the border did not drag its tail.

The face was as the face of a just man, Its semblance outwardly was so benign, And of a serpent all the trunk beside. Two paws it had, hairy unto the armpits; The back, and breast, and both the sides it had Depicted o'er with nooses and with shields. With colours more, groundwork or broidery Never in cloth did Tartars make nor Turks, Nor were such tissues by Arachne laid.

As sometimes wherries lie upon the shore, That part are in the water, part on land; And as among the guzzling Germans there, The beaver plants himself to wage his war; So that vile monster lay upon the border, Which is of stone, and shutteth in the sand. His tail was wholly quivering in the void, Contorting upwards the envenomed fork, That in the guise of scorpion armed its point.

Dante Alighieri

Inferno

“Nel mezzo del cammin di nostra vita
mi ritrovai per una selva oscura
ché la diritta via era smarrita.”

34 Cantos~4,720 Lines8 Layers9 Circles8 Debates

Longfellow translation (1867) · Interactive scholarly reader

About This Work

The 30,000-foot view

A poet lost in a dark wood at the midpoint of his life is guided by the shade of Virgil through the nine circles of Hell — a vast funnel descending from the sins of incontinence through violence to the frozen lake of treachery at the earth's core. Each circle is a landscape of divine justice where the punishment mirrors the sin (contrapasso), and each encounter forces Dante to confront his own capacity for compassion, judgment, and the limits of human reason.

Composed:c. 1308–1320Published:c. 1314 (first canticle circulated in Dante's lifetime)Author:Dante Alighieri

Written in exile after Dante's banishment from Florence in 1302 during the Guelf-Ghibelline factional wars. Dante chose to write in the Tuscan vernacular rather than Latin — a revolutionary act that essentially created the Italian literary language. The Comedy synthesizes Aristotelian philosophy, Thomistic theology, classical mythology, and contemporary Florentine politics into the most architecturally precise poem ever composed.

Why It Matters

The Inferno is the founding text of Italian literature and one of the supreme achievements of the human imagination. Its vision of the afterlife has shaped Western culture's imagery of Hell for seven centuries. More than theology, it is a work of radical empathy — Dante weeps for the damned even as he affirms their justice. Its influence runs from Chaucer and Milton through Borges, Beckett, and every writer who has tried to give moral geography a physical form.

Wall of Voices — critics and scholars on the Inferno

See how the Inferno connects to Ulysses, Hamlet, The Waste Land, Mrs Dalloway, and the Gita

Eight Annotation Layers

Each layer reveals a different dimension of the text

iGloss

Italian terms, theological vocabulary, archaic Longfellow English

AAllusion

Classical, biblical, and literary source references (Aeneid, Ovid, Bible)

Contrapasso

Punishment-mirrors-sin mapping — the defining principle of Infernal justice

RReadings

Scholarly critical readings from major Dante scholars

HHistorical

Real historical and mythological figures with era, dates, and significance

SScholarly

Passages referenced in scholarly debates

GGuide

Reading guide — key passages, difficult tercets, narrative context

DDante’s Voice

Dante’s own explanations from Convivio, Epistle to Can Grande, Vita Nuova

Cross-Text

Connections to other works in the Literary Universe

Scholarly Debates

Centuries of scholarly argument, mapped to the text

Should we sympathize with Francesca and Ugolino, or does Dante condemn our pity?
💔 Humanist Reading⚖️ Theological Reading🎭 Pilgrim vs. Poet

Dante the pilgrim faints from pity after hearing Francesca's story, yet Dante the poet placed her in Hell. This tension between emotional sympathy and...

Is Dante's Ulysses a heroic seeker of knowledge or a damned sinner of prideful transgression?
Tragic Heroism🔥 Fraudulent Counselor🪞 Dante's Alter Ego

In Canto XXVI, Ulysses tells of sailing past the Pillars of Hercules, urging his crew to 'follow virtue and knowledge.' He is punished among the fraud...

How should we understand the distance between Dante-the-pilgrim who experiences Hell and Dante-the-poet who writes about it?
📚 Progressive Education🎭 Ironic Distance🎯 Rhetorical Strategy

Two Dantes inhabit the poem: the younger man who faints at Francesca's story (Canto V) and weeps at the diviners' twisted bodies (Canto XX), and the m...

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Contrapasso Mapping

See how each punishment mirrors or inverts the sin — the defining principle of Dante’s infernal justice

🏛️
Historical Figures

150+ named characters from classical antiquity, the Bible, and medieval Italy with biographical context

📜
Dante’s Own Words

Commentary from the Convivio, Epistle to Can Grande, and Vita Nuova — the poet explains his design

🌀
Motif Detection

9 thematic categories detected in real time: darkness/light, fire/ice, pity/justice, metamorphosis, and more

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Canto Journey

A vertical descent through all 9 circles, from the Dark Wood to the frozen center of Hell

🌐
Knowledge Graph

3D interactive graph of characters, places, concepts, and works — organized by circle depth

Quote Compass

Navigate 9 famous passages with narrative context — enter the poem at its most celebrated moments

34 Cantos

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